VERB + INFINITIVE vs VERB + GERUND

http://www.myenglishpages.com/site_php_files/grammar-lesson-gerund-infinitive.php

One of the difficulties of the English language is that some verbs are followed by the gerund  (ex : doing) and others are followed by theinfinitive (ex : to do). Other verbs, however, can be followed by both.

Generally speaking we can use the following rules:

Examples		Rules	Explanations
Verb + gerund	1. I enjoy playing 2. I denied stealing	Often we use the gerund for an action that happens before or at the same time as the action of the main verb.	1. I enjoy myself at the time of playing. 2. I deny having stolen anything before.
Verb + infinitive	1. I decided to visit my uncle 2. I want to go out	Often we use the infinitive for actions that follow the action of the main verb.	1. Visiting my uncle was an action of my decision. It comes after. 2. What I want (now) is to go out (after/later)

These rules are helpful but DO NOT always explain all uses of gerunds and infinitives.

Verbs that can be followed by a gerund (ex: doing)
 

1- After verbs that express likes/dislikes :

• like
• love
• enjoy
• dislike
• hate
• don't mind
• can't stand
• can't bear

Example:

" I like playing soccer but I hate boxing."

2- After certain other verbs,  such as : 

• admit
• appreciate
• allow
• avoid
• advise
• consider
• deny
• delay
• understand
• finish
• fancy
• go (in go swimming)
• involve
• keep
• mention
• mind
• stop
• waste time/money
• imagine
• involve
• keep (on)
• mention
• miss
• postpone
• permit
• practice
• suggest
• resist
• reject
• risk
• can't help
• can't stand

Example:

" I suggest going to the theater."

3- After prepositions :  

interested in ...
instead of ...
good at ...
before ...
after ...

Example:

"I am interested in collecting stamps."
"After playing football I drank an orange juice".

4- After certain expressions :

it's no use ...
it's no good ...
there's no point in ...
I can't help...
I don't mind...
I can't stand/bear...

Example:

" It's no use convincing him to revise his lessons. He's so stubborn."

Verbs that can be followed by an infinitive ( ex : to do)

1- After verbs that  refer to a future event:

• want
• hope
• aim
• intend
• arrange
• attempt
• promise
• be determined
• plan
• consent
• decide
• demand
• deserve
• determine
• endeavor
• expect
• offer
• proceed
• promise
• threaten
• swear
• volunteer
• want
• would like
• would hate
• would love

Example:

" I want to finish my work early.

2- After certain other verbs, such as:

• afford
• agree
• help
• choose
• fail
• happen
• refuse
• manage
• need
• seem
• learn
• choose
• pretend

Example:

"She refused to forgive him."

3- After adjectives :  

• glad
• pleased 
• disappointed 

Example:

"I'm glad to know that you passed the exam."
"I'm pleased to meet you."
"I'm disappointed to hear that you flunked maths."

4- After "too" & "enough":

too difficult
easy enough

Example:

"It's too difficult to convince him to be helpful."
" But it's easy enough to fool him to get what you want."

Verbs that can be followed by both an infinitive and a gerund:

Some verbs can be followed by either a gerund or an infinitive. Here are some examples:

• start
• begin
• stop
• remember...

Example:

"I started smoking when I was young."
"I started to smoke when I left the office."

Exercises: 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54

Exercise on gerund or infinitive.

Lesson on infinitives.

Gerund

http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/verblist.htm

Verbs Followed by an Infinitive She agreed to speak before the game.
agree aim appear arrange ask attempt be able beg begin care choose condescend	consent continue dare decide deserve detest dislike expect fail forget get happen	have hesitate hope hurry intend leap leave like long love mean neglect	offer ought plan prefer prepare proceed promise propose refuse remember say	shoot start stop strive swear threaten try use wait want wish

Verbs Followed by an Object and an Infinitive Everyone expected her to win.
advise allow ask beg bring build buy challenge	choose command dare direct encourage expect forbid force	have hire instruct invite lead leave let like	love motivate order pay permit persuade prepare promise	remind require send teach tell urge want warn
Note: Some of these verbs are included in the list above and may be used without an object.

Verbs Followed by a Gerund They enjoyed working on the boat.
admit advise appreciate avoid can't help complete consider	delay deny detest dislike enjoy escape excuse	finish forbid get through have imagine mind miss	permit postpone practice quit recall report resent	resist resume risk spend (time) suggest tolerate waste (time)

Verbs Followed by a Preposition and a Gerund We concentrated on doing well.
admit to approve of argue about believe in care about complain about concentrate on confess to	depend on disapprove of discourage from dream about feel like forget about insist on object to	plan on prevent (someone) from refrain from succeed in talk about think about worry about

EXERCISES

http://www.englishpage.com/gerunds/

Basic Gerunds and Infinitives

Exercises 1 - 10 are based on Part 1 of the Gerunds and Infinitives Tutorial.

Gerunds and Infinitives 1 Gerunds and Infinitives 2 Gerunds and Infinitives 3 Gerunds and Infinitives 4 Gerunds and Infinitives 5

Gerunds and Infinitives 6 Gerunds and Infinitives 7 Gerunds and Infinitives 8 Gerunds and Infinitives 9 Gerunds and Infinitives 10

Intermediate Gerunds and Infinitives

Exercises 11 - 20 are based on Part 2 of the Gerunds and Infinitives Tutorial.

Gerunds and Infinitives 11 Gerunds and Infinitives 12 Gerunds and Infinitives 13 Gerunds and Infinitives 14 Gerunds and Infinitives 15

Gerunds and Infinitives 16 Gerunds and Infinitives 17 Gerunds and Infinitives 18 Gerunds and Infinitives 19 Gerunds and Infinitives 20

Advanced Gerunds and Infinitives

Exercises 21-30 are based on Part 3 of the Gerunds and Infinitives Tutorial.

Gerunds and Infinitives 21 Gerunds and Infinitives 22 Gerunds and Infinitives 23 Gerunds and Infinitives 24 Gerunds and Infinitives 25

Gerunds and Infinitives 26 Gerunds and Infinitives 27 Gerunds and Infinitives 28 Gerunds and Infinitives 29 Gerunds and Infinitives Final Test

Catholics and Protestants from the point of view of Monty Python

Just hilarious!



PRE-WATCHING
1. Answer these questions in pairs or small groups.
a) Have you got a big family? How many brothers and sisters have you got?
b) Is the size of your current family smaller or bigger than the one of previous generations?
c) How big would you like your family to be?
d) Is your idea of your will-be family influenced by religion or culture?

WHILE-WATCHING
2. Are the statements below true (T), false (F), or we just don't know (?):
1 Dad is going home. A seagull flies above it and drops a baby down the chimney.
2 Dad is happy about having another baby.
3 Mum asks about fifteen of her children to go to bed because it isn’t their turn for tea time.
4 Dad reports his children that he’s going to sell them all for scientific experiments because
that’s the only way to earn a great deal of money.
5 Dad asks his children to blame the Catholic church.
6  A child suggests castration to his Dad.
7 Mr Blackitt is Jewish.
8 He despises his Catholic neighbours. 
9. Mrs Blackitt is aware of the differences between Catholics and Protestants.
10. Mr Blackitt usually buys contraceptives.

AFTER-WATCHING
3. Answer individually or in pairs.
a) What title would you give to the song in the film? 
b) Why does Mrs Blackitt look so confused after the comparison between Catholics and Protestants.
c) Quote the funniest sentence.

GRAMMAR
4. Both Catholics and Protestants are mocked in the sketch. 
a) Make some statements abouts the two communities. Most of them will have to be made in the present simple.
b) Can you make some more sentences with the verbs like, hate, enjoy... + V-ing?

READING
5. Read and choose the funniest quotation.

6. Read the full script of the scene and make some questions.

Reported Speech

Have a look at José Antonio Cárceles worksheet on reported speech, and practise.

STATEMENTS:
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/reported-speech/exercises?03
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/reported-speech/exercises?04

QUESTIONS:
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/reported-speech/exercises?05
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/reported-speech/exercises?06

REQUESTS:
A) AFFIRMATIVE: http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/reported-speech/exercises?07
B) NEGATIVE: http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/reported-speech/exercises?08

MIXED TYPES:
Exercise 1
Exercise 2

What's your intelligence like?

INITIAL EVALUATION TASKS: presenting the topic
1 In pairs, answer these questions:

• What’s an intelligent person?
• What can an intelligent person do?
• According to the abilities you have noted down, how many types of intelligences do you think there are?

BEFORE WATCHING THE FILM TASKS
2 Look at the pictures and try to guess what kind of intelligence they are about. Compare your answers with your partner's.

WHILE WATCHING THE FILM TASKS for the 1st time
3 Write down the types of intelligence under the correct picture.

WHILE WATCHING THE FILM TASKS for the 2nd time
4 Watch it again and check your answers. How has your partner done?

AFTER WATCHING THE FILM TASKS
5 Group work. Each group has got a poster on the wall with as many empty columns as types of intelligence. You are only given the name of the intelligence. Complete the poster with the missing information:

a) definition

b) skills

c) possible compatible jobs

You will find the missing information in different coloured cards. Stand up and finish your poster!

6 Check your matchings with the other groups’. Contrast your guessings especially for those columns you have doubted. Now you have got the last chance to make changes.

7 Check your answers and write them down in your notebook.

8 Can you already say what type of intelligence is yours? Do you like any of the jobs suggested for that type of intelligence?

9 Do the online Multiple Intelligences test provided.

TEST 1- http://www.berghuis.co.nz/abiator/lsi/lsitest1.html
TEST 2 http://www.berghuis.co.nz/abiator/lsi/lsitest2.html

10 Do you agree with the tests? What about your classmates? Ask ten of them what their prevalent type of intelligence is? Take note and present the information in a pie or bar chart. Then explain the results and describe the most suitable types of English tasks for your class in small groups.

EXTENSION: Make a second chart with the jobs your classmates would like to have. Are there any mismatchings?

FOLLOW-UP
11 In pairs, open your portfolio each. What do you think it is? What must it be useful for?

12 Individually, fill in the questionnaire tittled “Activities carried out in English”. Then do the same with the “Aims and reflections on the English learning”

13 Now you all have enough input to start with “My learning diary section”

The passive for emphasis

The passive is used for emphasis. What's emphasized? Watch the video and answer.

Pay careful attention to the explanations in Chinese!!!


Watch this second video. There are examples of passive sentences, basically in the present and the past. How do you know what the tense of a passive is?


Do you need a more contextualised presentation of the passive? Have a look at these.




EXTRA PRACTICE on the passive voice: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

That's Life!

As I told you in class, here you are the scenes, which are not longer than 4 minutes, that will let you do the exercises by next Friday.

Needless to say you can watch the video as many times as necessary.

Any questions? Send them as a comment. See below.

Jokes

A really funny short reading activity!
Jokes for Elementary Level
Jokes for Intermediate Level
Jokes for Advanced Level

Will you please recommend us a joke? Send your comment.

No graduation without English

1. According to the heading, will English be necessary at university?


2. Which of the three requirements would you choose if you went to university?


3. Which of the three requirements would your partner choose?
   

Thursday, 7 February 2008

Students beginning their university studies next year will have three options to fulfill a new requirement for their degree:

• a working knowledge of English, today's global lingua franca.


• Either 10% of their regular degree courses will have to be conducted in English (not including English-language class), or they will have to achieve competence in English equivalent to the Cambridge First Certificate examination or the European Union B2 level.


• Finally, students will have also the option of fulfilling the 10% requirement of their studies in English (roughly a term) in foreign universities. (Full story in printed edition of Catalonia Today).

Personality test

Do you know what your personality type is? There are 16. Take the test clicking here and find it out.

Don't forget to describe your personality type: Big Thinker, Counsellor, Go-getter, Idealist, Innovator, Leader, Mastermind, Mentor, Nurturer, Peacemaker, Performer, Provider, Realist, Resolver, Strategist and Supervisor.